Oil & Petroleum Testing

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The calorific value of a fuel is the quantity of heat produced by its combustion - at constant pressure and under "normal" conditions.
Test Method

Proximate analysis indicates the percentage by weight of the Fixed Carbon, Volatiles, Ash, and Moisture Content in coal. The amounts of fixed carbon and volatile combustible matter directly contribute to the heating value of coal. Fixed carbon acts as a main heat generator during burning. High volatile matter content indicates easy ignition of fuel. The ash content is important in the design of the furnace grate, combustion volume, pollution control equipment and ash handling systems of a furnace. 
Test Method

The ultimate analysis indicates the various elemental chemical constituents such as Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur, etc. It is useful in determining the quantity of air required for combustion and the volume and composition of the combustion gases. This information is required for the calculation of flame temperature and the flue duct design etc.
Test Method

Ash content of coal is the non-combustible residue left after coal is burnt. It represents the bulk mineral matter after carbon, oxygen, sulfur and water (including from clays) has been driven off during combustion. Analysis is fairly straightforward, with the coal thoroughly burnt and the ash material expressed as a percentage of the original weight.
Test Method

The behavior of the coal''s ash residue at high temperature is a critical factor in selecting coals for steam power generation. Most furnaces are designed to remove ash as a powdery residue. Coal which has ash that fuses into a hard glassy slag known as clinker is usually unsatisfactory in furnaces as it requires cleaning. However, furnaces can be designed to handle the clinker, generally by removing it as a molten liquid. Ash fusion temperatures are determined by viewing a moulded specimen of the coal ash through an observation window in a high-temperature furnace.

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Transformer oils are subject to electrical and mechanical stresses while a transformer or other electrical distribution equipment is in operation. The analysis of insulating oils provides information about the oil, but also enables the detection of other possible problems, including contact arcing, aging insulating paper and other latent faults and is an indispensable part of a cost-efficient electrical maintenance program.

Though the failure risk of a transformer and other oil-filled electrical equipment is small, when failures occur, they inevitably lead to high repair costs, long downtime and possible safety risks. By accurately monitoring the condition of the oil, suddenly occurring faults can be discovered in time and outages can potentially be avoided.

Some specific parameters of transformer or insulating oil should be considered to determine the serviceability of that oil.

?????????????????? Physical Parameters - Colour and Appearance, Density, Inter Facial Tension, Viscosity, Flash Point and Pour Point.

?????????????????? Chemical Parameters - Water Content, Corrosive Sulphur, Acidity, Sludge Content.

?????????????????? Electrical Parameters - Dielectric Strength, Specific Resistance, Dielectric Dissipation Factor.

?????????????????? Dissolved gas analysis

?????????????????? Furan analysis

?????????????????? PCB analysis

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Fuel analysis examines the state of the product in terms of certain problems which may have occurred since the fuel left the refinery gate. A proportion of diesel engine failures can be directly traced back to the quality of the fuel which was in use. Fuel contamination, degradation or adulteration can have serious consequences in terms of blocked filters, stuck or worn injectors, poor spray patterns and atomization.

Sigma Test and Research Centre, provides diesel testing services to determine the product''s remaining life along with its cleanliness and also ensures compliance with industry standards and norms. We offer a comprehensive range of services for petro chemical products and its contamination testing.

Diesel washing has been found commonly now, water acts as a by- product in washing process which can cause damage to injector pumps. Chemicals are used to remove dye as it can cause serious harm to engines.

Diesel washing is a highly illegal practice and hence it is essential to go for testing services to check the quality in order to determine the presence of marker dye and sulphur content levels. The sulphur content level cannot be reduced during the washing process and can be a clear indication of whether the fuel has been tampered with as well as residual dye left behind